Piston



Patented Aug. 26, 1930l uNiTED STATES PATENT oFF-ICE HABOLIDH. WAGNER, OF'WAUBU, WISCONSIN, ASSIGNOB.V OF ONE-HALF TO GEOBGE- y A. WAGNER, OFKWAUSAU, WISCONSIN Application tiled January 4, 192i). Serial No. 830.165.

This invention relates to certain novel iinprovements in pistons and has for its principal object the provision'of an improved Construction of this character which will be highly eiiicient in use and economical inmanufacture. j

It is among the objects of my invention to provide a piston which will be so colistructed that the noise known as piston slap which is caused bv looseness of a piston ina cylinder'will be obviated. y

' Another object of the invention is to provide a piston which will be so constructed that it will expand and ycontact in accordance with the engine heat.

A further object of the invention is to provide a piston of the above described type which will be so constructed that the Wearing qualities thereofwill be enhanced and a con-v struction in which an arrangement will be provided that will eiectively prevent leak-A age past the'piston and also one in which scoring and freezing of the piston will be prevented. e Y

A stillfurther object of the invention is to rovide a. piston which will be arranged to lncrease the eiiiciency of operationv of the engine or other similar devices 1n which it is arranged.

Other objects will appear hereinafter. The invention consists in the novel combination and arrangement of parts to be hereinafter described and claimed.

Fig. 4 is a The invention will be best understood by reference to the accompanying drawing, showing the'pr'eferred form of construction and in which:

Fig. 1 is an elevational view depicting a lpreferred forinff construction for my 1inf proved piston;

Fig. 2 is a view artly in elevation and artly in section depicting a sleeve provided 1n my pistonconstruction;

Fig. 3 is a View partly in elevation and -partly in sectiondepicting the sleeve shown in Fig. 2 mounted in operative position on the main body of the piston; and

iragmental.4 perspective view depicting a joiiit employed in the sleeve portion depicted in Fig. 2.

In the accompanying drawing wherein I have illustrated the preferred form ofy construction for my device 10 indicates the main` body portion of my improved piston in which the usual journals such as 11 are provided for the wrist pin. At the lower end of the skirt portion o the main body portion 10 an outwardly projecting flange 12 is provided. At the. upper end of the skirt portion of the main ody portion 10 an outwardly projectmg flange 13 is provided andthus a groove 14 is defined on the periphery of the main body ortion 10 between the flanges 12 and 13. utwardly projecting rings 15 and 16 are formed on the main body portion 10 adj acent the flange 13.

The skirt portion of my improved piston 1s formed from a sleeve that is indicated by .17 in the drawing. The sleeve 17 is split in the stepped manner indicated at 18 and which is best shown in Fig. 4 wherein it will be seen that a plurality of such stepped or offset portions are provided. On the inner periphery of the sleeve 17 adjacent the upper end thereof two grooves 19 and 2O are formed into which the rings 15 and 16 are fitted when the sleeve 17 is disposed in the recess 14 to encircle the main body portion 10, said sleeve -17 extendin between the flanges 12 and 13 as clearly ilustrated in Fig. 3. On the outer periphery of the sleeve 17 I provide two grooves or recesses 21 and 22 which receive the piston rings 23 and 24 that are substantially similar to the piston rings usually em loyed in such constructions. I have found t at a preferable arrangement for the grooves 19,20, 21, and'22 is that depicted best 1n Fig. 2 wherein it will be seen that the grooves are alternately disposed; that is, in the arrangement depicted, so thatthe u permost of the grooves opens inwardly an that the other of the inwardly opening grooves be spaced fromthisrst named groove a distance suiicient to permit the outwardly opening grooves to be arranged on each side of the second inwardly opening groove whereby the uppermost of the outwardly opening grooves will be disposed intermediate the inwardly opening grooves. The stepped ar-v rangement 18 is preferably so arranged that ,l tion that tion which will certain of the horizontally extending portions thereof willbe disposed in the grooves 19 and 2O in order that the rings 15 and 16 may aid in sealing this stepped interconnection to prevent leakage thereby.

Vhen the skirt 17 is arranged around the main body portion 10 in the manner described a spring member 25 is disposed intermediate p the inner periphery of the skirt and the outer periphery of the main bodyportion and this spring 25 extends between the ring 16 and the flange 12 as is clearly illustrated in Fig. 3. If desired an additional spring member 26 may be provided which may be disposed toextend between the rings 15 and 16subs'tantially as illustrated. rlhe springs 25 and 26 act on the skirt 17 to force the same outwardly so that When the piston construction is arranged Within a cylinder this spring construction will force the split sleeve into engagement with the Wall of the cylinder.

The sleeve 17 is preferably made from a material which will afford the best Wearing qualities. I have found that by making the main body portion 10 from aluminum and that by making the skirt portion 17 from cast iron a highl satisfactory construction results but I wish it to be understood that my invention is not limited to the usage of such materials.

It is ap arent from the foregoing descriphave rovided a piston construce so arranged that it will snugly lit in the cylinder bore with which it is associated.v In view of the fact that the skirt portion is yieldable the likelihood of scoring will be substantially obviated. Further it is apparent that the sleeve 17 so a surrounds the main body portion 10 that the wrist pin is enclosed and, therefore, the damaUe which might result from displacement o this wrist pin will be obviated since it will be impossible for the wrist pin to engage the c linder wall. Further since the skirt of tliie piston aided by the usual piston rings will snugly fit within the cylinder bore it 1s apparent that leakage thereby will be substantially eliminated which will obviously increase the efficiency of the engine or other device with which the piston is associated.

While I have illustrated and described the preferred form of construction for carrying my invention into effect, this is capable of variation and modification, without departing from the spirit of the invention. I,-there fore, do not wish to be limited to the precise details of construction set forth, but desire to avail myself of such variations and modifications as come within the scope of the appended claims.

Having thus described my invention what I claim as new and desire to protect by Letters Patent is:

1. In a piston, a main body, a split sleeve disposed around said main body, projecting portions at the ends of said main body for retaining said sleeve thereon against endwise displacement, said sleeve having grooves in the inner periphery thereof adjacent one end, said main body having outwardly projecting rings thereon adjacent one end thereof, said rin s being disposed in said grooves when said s irt is disposed around said body, said split sleeve having grooves in the outer periphery thereof, said split sleeve having the split therein so extended that portions thereof will be disposed in certain of the grooves in said sleeve, piston rings disposed in said grooves in the outer periphery of said sleeve, and means disposed between said sleeve and said body for expanding said sleeve away from said main body.

2. A piston of the character stated including a main body having tianges extending outwardly therefrom at the ends thereof providing a recess in the periphery of said body, a split sleeve in said recess, said split sleeve having grooves in the inner periphery thereof adjacent one end, said main body having rings extending outwardly therefrom, said rings being disposed in said grooves when said skirt is disposed in said recess, said sleeve having grooves in the outer periphery thereof, said lastnamed grooves ein disposed in such a position that they will e disposed alternately with the grooves in the inner periphery thereof, said split sleeve having the stepped split therein arranged With portions thereof disposed in said grooves, piston rings in the grooves in the outer periphery of said sleeve, and elongated resilient means arranged in said recess intermediate said sleeve and said body for forcing said sleeve outwardly away from said body.

In testimony whereof I a x my siffnature.

HAROLD H. WAGER; 

